Occupation of scientific research and strategic hot spots
Extreme cold, extreme lack of oxygen, "human beings can not be close to the extreme," ... ... This is a description of Dome A region commonly used vocabulary. China's why the decision will be the first research station inland address the election in such a very bad natural conditions, regions, Wu Jun, in two words accurately summed up the inland station siting considerations ─ ─ ─ R & D and strategic hot spots.
Dome A region of the special geographical and natural conditions, making it a series of scientific research of the ideal. Wu Jun said that Dome A is an international hot spot areas in the Antarctic scientific research, in the Dome-A to establish inspection stations in the region ongoing, in-depth study, is expected to help China open the door to the peak of the Antarctic science.
Dome A region to carry out astronomical observations is the best place. Dome-A with the best atmosphere on Earth and atmospheric transparency seeing, there are 3-4 months of continuous observation opportunities and low wind conditions, by the international astronomical community is recognized as the best on Earth Observatory site.
At the same time, in the Dome A region of inland China Research Station also of great strategic significance. Wu Jun, said that from the Antarctic scientific research and the right to speak in terms of the Antarctic, there are four points, the most important: Pole, the freezing point, magnetic point and high point. At present, the former three points were the United States, France - Italy, to occupy the former Soviet Union established a scientific research station, only the highest point of the Antarctic inland Dome A is the "blank."
Antarctica 98% of the land all the year round by snow-covered, so far, more than 50 countries completed Grade Station Antarctica, mostly in coastal areas of exposed rock. Only the United States, Russia, Germany, Japan, France and Italy and a few other developed countries have a research station inland.
"After the completion of the Kunlun station, will become the world's sixth Antarctic inland stations, will be China's Antarctic expedition from the edge of Antarctica to the expansion of the Antarctic inland historic leap, which means that China will become the first in the Antarctic inland site developing countries, "Wu Jun said proudly.
Once again to show "the spirit of the Antarctic"
As China's comprehensive national strength continuously increased, and since 1996 in order to Zhongshan Station as the starting base, China has in the Zhongshan Station - Dome A section on the 5th visit inland ice sheet, and in 2005, and twice in 2008 arrived in the success of Dome-A the highest point. Despite the wealth of experience gained, but Wu Jun, frankly, because of Dome A region's unique natural and geographical conditions in the Dome-A low-temperature site facing cold, high altitude hypoxia, construction time is running out and so many challenges.
Kunlun Station is located at an elevation of more than 4000 meters of Antarctic inland, the oxygen content of just inland about 60 percent, the highest temperature in summer the scene is only 35 degrees below zero, "low-temperature cold and high altitude hypoxia, which is a huge construction personnel challenges, "Wu Jun said.
Nevertheless, as a result of the Kunlun Mountains are located at remote Antarctic inland from Zhongshan Station to the Kunlun station stretches 1,300 kilometers of site material transport, fully rely on the land-locked players driving snow vehicle. Wu Jun is expected, which only arrived in the landlocked team Kunlun station site would require about 20 days time.
In addition, since the Antarctic inland climate variability, all kinds of uncertainty are many factors that are suitable for the construction of the cycle is very short, all the construction projects only about 30 days, which is building the progress of construction and put forward a very strict requirements.
"There is nothing to withstand hardships and dangers, we explore the mysteries of the pace of Antarctic science, our team will once again show inland unity, hard work and dedication of the 'Antarctic spirit', so that five-star red flag over the Dome in the Antarctic fly high again," Wu Army categorically said.
He said that, in order to enhance the feasibility of the construction, the inland station the general principles are based on carrying capacity sled inspection station to determine the size, the use of precast and on-site assembly of combining construction mode to minimize site construction .
Emphasis on "energy saving and environmental protection humanized"
Antarctica is the last piece of pure land of mankind. Antarctic Treaty System will be designated Antarctica as a natural reserve, the States Parties shall fully protect the Antarctic environment and dependent ecosystems. China in the Antarctic inland site how to ensure that the Antarctic environment is not polluted, guardian of the common home of mankind?
Wu Jun said that China attaches great importance to environmental protection, national, is also responsible ATCP, therefore, to build a scientific research station inland, to take full account of environmental factors, on the research station construction and operation of a comprehensive The environmental impact analysis to assess and formulate the relevant environmental protection measures and contingency plans to ensure that scientific research station platform play value and meet the needs of members of working life at the same time, minimizing the construction of inland stations impact on the environment.
Kunlun station near the main building area of 230 square meters, is divided into residential areas, activity areas and protection zones, including dormitories, clinic, scientific observation, satellite communications, kitchens, bathrooms, toilets, sewage treatment, generator room, boiler room , oxygen, such as plant rooms and the Treasury. Wu Jun said that the main building or container mainly modular architecture formed to form, while the main structure also used low-temperature-resistant stainless steel, outsourcing core composite increase of insulation board. In this way, which reduces the construction site, easy to transport, while ensuring that the construction of a confined and thermal insulation properties.
"In the energy saving and environmental protection, we in the inland station design process to consider more as many as possible of the scientific expedition team to create a warm, comfortable working and living environment." Wu Jun said that after the completion of stations around the circumference of the Kunlun thousands of miles are no-man's land, landscape extremely monotonous and gives people a feeling of isolation, which is a kind of psychological challenges, therefore, in terms of housing design, research station of interior design and furniture selection of the use of warm, bright colors, to the extent possible, to make up for the environment on human psychological impact.
In ensuring the public space at the same time, designers also to each station staff to stay in a private room for the basic. Kunlun station a total of 10 quarters, although each is less than 5 square meters, but only lived two basic can guarantee Noninterference between players. In addition, the Kunlun station set up in the main building terminal oxygen. Scientific expedition team members through its supplemental oxygen can alleviate the discomfort caused by hypoxia.
Wu Jun said that the Kunlun station is built for short-term goal of 15-20 people living in aestivation research station, 5-10 years, depending on the conditions of re-escalation of the expansion of scientific personnel to meet the perennial winter station. But whether it is a short-term or long in the station, international cooperation is essential. "Global climate change and other scientific research, no country can not be solved, China is willing to scientific research in the Antarctic to strengthen cooperation with countries around the world." (Reporter Jing)
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